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...l be used when a new schema or table is created and no character set is defined 创建新模式或表时使用的默认字符集,并且没有定义字符集 character-set-server= The default authentication plugin to be used when connecting to the server 连接到服务器时使用的默认身份验证插件 default_authentication_plugin=caching_sha2_password The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when 当创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎 default-storage-engine=INNODB Set the SQL mode to strict 将SQL模式设置为strict sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION" General and Slow logging. 一般和缓慢的日志。 log-output=NONE general-log=0 general_log_file="DESKTOP-NF9QETB.log" slow-query-log=0 slow_query_log_file="DESKTOP-NF9QETB-slow.log" long_query_time=10 Binary Logging. 二进制日志。 log-bin Error Logging. 错误日志记录。 log-error="DESKTOP-NF9QETB.err" Server Id. server-id=1 Indicates how table and database names are stored on disk and used in MySQL. 指示表名和数据库名如何存储在磁盘上并在MySQL中使用。 Value = 0: Table and database names are stored on disk using the lettercase specified in the CREATE TABLE or CREATE DATABASE statement. Name comparisons are case sensitive. You should not set this variable to 0 if you are running MySQL on a system that has case-insensitive file names (such as Windows or macOS). Value = 0:表名和数据库名使用CREATE Table或CREATE database语句中指定的lettercase存储在磁盘上。名称比较区分大小写。如果您在一个具有不区分大小写文件名(如Windows或macOS)的系统上运行MySQL,则不应将该变量设置为0。 Value = 1: Table names are stored in lowercase on disk and name comparisons are not case-sensitive. MySQL converts all table names to lowercase on storage and lookup. This behavior also applies to database names and table aliases. 表名以小写存储在磁盘上,并且名称比较不区分大小写。MySQL在存储和查找时将所有表名转换为小写。此行为也适用于数据库名称和表别名。 Value = 3, Table and database names are stored on disk using the lettercase specified in the CREATE TABLE or CREATE DATABASE statement, but MySQL converts them to lowercase on lookup. Name comparisons are not case sensitive. This works only on file systems that are not case-sensitive! InnoDB table names and view names are stored in lowercase, as for Value = 1.表名和数据库名使用CREATE Table或CREATE database语句中指定的lettercase存储在磁盘上,但是MySQL在查找时将它们转换为小写。名称比较不区分大小写。这只适用于不区分大小写的文件系统!InnoDB表名和视图名以小写存储,Value = 1。 NOTE: lower_case_table_names can only be configured when initializing the server. Changing the lower_case_table_names setting after the server is initialized is prohibited. lower_case_table_names=1 Secure File Priv. 权限安全文件 secure-file-priv="C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 8.0/Uploads" The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the connection limit has been reached. MySQL服务器允许的最大并发会话量。这些连接中的一个将保留给具有超级特权的用户,以便允许管理员登录,即使已经达到连接限制。 max_connections=151 The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires. Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in 为所有线程打开的表的数量。增加这个值会增加mysqld需要的文件描述符的数量。因此,您必须确保在[mysqld_safe]节中的变量“open-files-limit”中将允许打开的文件数量至少设置为4096 section [mysqld_safe] table_open_cache=2000 Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many of them. 内部(内存)临时表的最大大小。如果一个表比这个值大,那么它将自动转换为基于磁盘的表。可以有很多。 tmp_table_size=94M How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't more than thread_cache_size threads from before. This greatly reduces the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notable performance improvement if you have a good thread implementation.) 我们应该在缓存中保留多少线程以供重用。当客户机断开连接时,如果之前的线程数不超过thread_cache_size,则将客户机的线程放入缓存。如果您有很多新连接,这将大大减少所需的线程创建量(通常,如果您有一个良好的线程实现,这不会带来显著的性能改进)。 thread_cache_size=10 MyISAM Specific options The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL is allowed to use while recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE. If the file-size would be bigger than this, the index will be created through the key cache (which is slower). MySQL允许在重新创建索引时(在修复、修改表或加载数据时)使用临时文件的最大大小。如果文件大小大于这个值,那么索引将通过键缓存创建(这比较慢)。 myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the key cache method. This is mainly used to force long character keys in large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index. myisam_sort_buffer_size=179M Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables. Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you're not using MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be used for internal temporary disk tables. 如果用于快速创建索引的临时文件比这里指定的使用键缓存的文件大,则首选键缓存方法。这主要用于强制大型表中的长字符键使用较慢的键缓存方法来创建索引。 key_buffer_size=8M Size of the buffer used for doing full table scans of MyISAM tables. Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed. 用于对MyISAM表执行全表扫描的缓冲区的大小。如果需要完整的扫描,则为每个线程分配。 read_buffer_size=256K read_rnd_buffer_size=512K INNODB Specific options INNODB特定选项 innodb_data_home_dir= Use this option if you have a MySQL server with InnoDB support enabled but you do not plan to use it. This will save memory and disk space and speed up some things. 如果您启用了一个支持InnoDB的MySQL服务器,但是您不打算使用它,那么可以使用这个选项。这将节省内存和磁盘空间,并加快一些事情。skip-innodb skip-innodb If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the disk at each commit, which offers full ACID behavior. If you are willing to compromise this safety, and you are running small transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce disk I/O to the logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written to the log file and the log file flushed to disk approximately once per second. Value 2 means the log is written to the log file at each commit, but the log file is only flushed to disk approximately once per second. 如果设置为1,InnoDB将在每次提交时将事务日志刷新(fsync)到磁盘,这将提供完整的ACID行为。如果您愿意牺牲这种安全性,并且正在运行小型事务,您可以将其设置为0或2,以将磁盘I/O减少到日志。值0表示日志仅写入日志文件,日志文件大约每秒刷新一次磁盘。值2表示日志在每次提交时写入日志文件,但是日志文件大约每秒只刷新一次磁盘。 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1 The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering log data. As soon as it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. As it is flushed once per second anyway, it does not make sense to have it very large (even with long transactions).InnoDB用于缓冲日志数据的缓冲区大小。一旦它满了,InnoDB就必须将它刷新到磁盘。由于它无论如何每秒刷新一次,所以将它设置为非常大的值是没有意义的(即使是长事务)。 innodb_log_buffer_size=5M InnoDB, unlike MyISAM, uses a buffer pool to cache both indexes and row data. The bigger you set this the less disk I/O is needed to access data in tables. On a dedicated database server you may set this parameter up to 80% of the machine physical memory size. Do not set it too large, though, because competition of the physical memory may cause paging in the operating system. Note that on 32bit systems you might be limited to 2-3.5G of user level memory per process, so do not set it too high. 与MyISAM不同,InnoDB使用缓冲池来缓存索引和行数据。设置的值越大,访问表中的数据所需的磁盘I/O就越少。在专用数据库服务器上,可以将该参数设置为机器物理内存大小的80%。但是,不要将它设置得太大,因为物理内存的竞争可能会导致操作系统中的分页。注意,在32位系统上,每个进程的用户级内存可能被限制在2-3.5G,所以不要设置得太高。 innodb_buffer_pool_size=20M Size of each log file in a log group. You should set the combined size of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer pool size to avoid unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log file overwrite. However, note that a larger logfile size will increase the time needed for the recovery process. 日志组中每个日志文件的大小。您应该将日志文件的合并大小设置为缓冲池大小的25%-100%,以避免在覆盖日志文件时出现不必要的缓冲池刷新活动。但是,请注意,较大的日志文件大小将增加恢复过程所需的时间。 innodb_log_file_size=48M Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel. The optimal value depends highly on the application, hardware as well as the OS scheduler properties. A too high value may lead to thread thrashing. InnoDB内核中允许的线程数。最优值在很大程度上取决于应用程序、硬件以及OS调度程序属性。过高的值可能导致线程抖动。 innodb_thread_concurrency=9 The increment size (in MB) for extending the size of an auto-extend InnoDB system tablespace file when it becomes full. 增量大小(以MB为单位),用于在表空间满时扩展自动扩展的InnoDB系统表空间文件的大小。 innodb_autoextend_increment=128 The number of regions that the InnoDB buffer pool is divided into. For systems with buffer pools in the multi-gigabyte range, dividing the buffer pool into separate instances can improve concurrency, by reducing contention as different threads read and write to cached pages. InnoDB缓冲池划分的区域数。对于具有多gb缓冲池的系统,将缓冲池划分为单独的实例可以提高并发性,因为不同的线程对缓存页面的读写会减少争用。 innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8 Determines the number of threads that can enter InnoDB concurrently. 确定可以同时进入InnoDB的线程数 innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000 Specifies how long in milliseconds (ms) a block inserted into the old sublist must stay there after its first access before it can be moved to the new sublist. 指定插入到旧子列表中的块必须在第一次访问之后停留多长时间(毫秒),然后才能移动到新子列表。 innodb_old_blocks_time=1000 It specifies the maximum number of .ibd files that MySQL can keep open at one time. The minimum value is 10. 它指定MySQL一次可以打开的.ibd文件的最大数量。最小值是10。 innodb_open_files=300 When this variable is enabled, InnoDB updates statistics during metadata statements. 当启用此变量时,InnoDB会在元数据语句期间更新统计信息。 innodb_stats_on_metadata=0 When innodb_file_per_table is enabled (the default in 5.6.6 and higher), InnoDB stores the data and indexes for each newly created table in a separate .ibd file, rather than in the system tablespace. 当启用innodb_file_per_table(5.6.6或更高版本的默认值)时,InnoDB将每个新创建的表的数据和索引存储在单独的.ibd文件中,而不是系统表空间中。 innodb_file_per_table=1 Use the following list of values: 0 for crc32, 1 for strict_crc32, 2 for innodb, 3 for strict_innodb, 4 for none, 5 for strict_none. 使用以下值列表:0表示crc32, 1表示strict_crc32, 2表示innodb, 3表示strict_innodb, 4表示none, 5表示strict_none。 innodb_checksum_algorithm=0 The number of outstanding connection requests MySQL can have. This option is useful when the main MySQL thread gets many connection requests in a very short time. It then takes some time (although very little) for the main thread to check the connection and start a new thread. The back_log value indicates how many requests can be stacked during this short time before MySQL momentarily stops answering new requests. You need to increase this only if you expect a large number of connections in a short period of time. MySQL可以有多少未完成连接请求。当MySQL主线程在很短的时间内收到许多连接请求时,这个选项非常有用。然后,主线程需要一些时间(尽管很少)来检查连接并启动一个新线程。back_log值表示在MySQL暂时停止响应新请求之前的短时间内可以堆多少个请求。只有当您预期在短时间内会有大量连接时,才需要增加这个值。 back_log=80 If this is set to a nonzero value, all tables are closed every flush_time seconds to free up resources and synchronize unflushed data to disk. This option is best used only on systems with minimal resources. 如果将该值设置为非零值,则每隔flush_time秒关闭所有表,以释放资源并将未刷新的数据同步到磁盘。这个选项最好只在资源最少的系统上使用。 flush_time=0 The minimum size of the buffer that is used for plain index scans, range index scans, and joins that do not use 用于普通索引扫描、范围索引扫描和不使用索引执行全表扫描的连接的缓冲区的最小大小。 indexes and thus perform full table scans. join_buffer_size=200M The maximum size of one packet or any generated or intermediate string, or any parameter sent by the mysql_stmt_send_long_data() C API function. 由mysql_stmt_send_long_data() C API函数发送的一个包或任何生成的或中间字符串或任何参数的最大大小 max_allowed_packet=500M If more than this many successive connection requests from a host are interrupted without a successful connection, the server blocks that host from performing further connections. 如果在没有成功连接的情况下中断了来自主机的多个连续连接请求,则服务器将阻止主机执行进一步的连接。 max_connect_errors=100 Changes the number of file descriptors available to mysqld. You should try increasing the value of this option if mysqld gives you the error "Too many open files". 更改mysqld可用的文件描述符的数量。如果mysqld给您的错误是“打开的文件太多”,您应该尝试增加这个选项的值。 open_files_limit=4161 If you see many sort_merge_passes per second in SHOW GLOBAL STATUS output, you can consider increasing the sort_buffer_size value to speed up ORDER BY or GROUP BY operations that cannot be improved with query optimization or improved indexing. 如果在SHOW GLOBAL STATUS输出中每秒看到许多sort_merge_passes,可以考虑增加sort_buffer_size值,以加快ORDER BY或GROUP BY操作的速度,这些操作无法通过查询优化或改进索引来改进。 sort_buffer_size=1M The number of table definitions (from .frm files) that can be stored in the definition cache. If you use a large number of tables, you can create a large table definition cache to speed up opening of tables. The table definition cache takes less space and does not use file descriptors, unlike the normal table cache. The minimum and default values are both 400. 可以存储在定义缓存中的表定义的数量(来自.frm文件)。如果使用大量表,可以创建一个大型表定义缓存来加速表的打开。与普通的表缓存不同,表定义缓存占用更少的空间,并且不使用文件描述符。最小值和默认值都是400。 table_definition_cache=1400 Specify the maximum size of a row-based binary log event, in bytes. Rows are grouped into events smaller than this size if possible. The value should be a multiple of 256. 指定基于行的二进制日志事件的最大大小,单位为字节。如果可能,将行分组为小于此大小的事件。这个值应该是256的倍数。 binlog_row_event_max_size=8K If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its master.info file to disk. (using fdatasync()) after every sync_master_info events. 如果该变量的值大于0,则复制奴隶将其主.info文件同步到磁盘。(在每个sync_master_info事件之后使用fdatasync())。 sync_master_info=10000 If the value of this variable is greater than 0, the MySQL server synchronizes its relay log to disk. (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log writes to the relay log. 如果这个变量的值大于0,MySQL服务器将其中继日志同步到磁盘。(在每个sync_relay_log写入到中继日志之后使用fdatasync())。 sync_relay_log=10000 If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its relay-log.info file to disk. (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log_info transactions. 如果该变量的值大于0,则复制奴隶将其中继日志.info文件同步到磁盘。(在每个sync_relay_log_info事务之后使用fdatasync())。 sync_relay_log_info=10000 Load mysql plugins at start."plugin_x ; plugin_y". 开始时加载mysql插件。“plugin_x;plugin_y” plugin_load The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server X Protocol will listen on. MySQL服务器X协议将监听TCP/IP端口。 loose_mysqlx_port=33060 本篇文章为转载内容。原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/mywpython/article/details/89499852。 该文由互联网用户投稿提供,文中观点代表作者本人意见,并不代表本站的立场。 作为信息平台,本站仅提供文章转载服务,并不拥有其所有权,也不对文章内容的真实性、准确性和合法性承担责任。 如发现本文存在侵权、违法、违规或事实不符的情况,请及时联系我们,我们将第一时间进行核实并删除相应内容。
2023-10-08 09:56:02
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...r of test cases. The only line of each test case contains a string s consisting of lowercase English letters. The total length of all strings does not exceed 3⋅105 . Output For each test case, if there is no solution, output “NO”. Otherwise, output “YES” followed by your constructed string of length |s|+1 on the next line. If there are multiple solutions, you may print any. You can print each letter of “YES” and “NO” in any case (upper or lower). Example Input Copy 6 cbabc ab zza ba a nutforajaroftuna Output Copy YES cbabac YES aab YES zaza YES baa NO YES nutforajarofatuna Note The first test case is described in the statement. In the second test case, we can make either “aab” or “aba”. But “aba” is a palindrome, so “aab” is the only correct answer. In the third test case, “zaza” and “zzaa” are correct answers, but not “azza”. In the fourth test case, “baa” is the only correct answer. In the fifth test case, we can only make “aa”, which is a palindrome. So the answer is “NO”. In the sixth test case, “anutforajaroftuna” is a palindrome, but inserting ‘a’ elsewhere is valid. 题意: 给你一个字符串,然后你可以通过在任意位置上+‘a’,然后让这个字符串不是回文字符串,如果实在无法让字符串变成非回文,则输出NO。 思路: 我们可以判断出只有全为a的回文字符串才会+‘a’后无法变成非回文串,其他的都可以在任意位置上“a”,使字符串变成非回文串,那我们可以直接在首或者尾“a”,然后循环判断是否为回文,输出非回文的那一种就可以了。 代码: include<bits/stdc++.h>using namespace std;bool judge(string p){for(int i=0,j=p.size()-1;i<j;i++,j--){if(p[i]!=p[j])return true;}return false;}int main (){int t;cin>>t;while(t--){string ch;cin>>ch;int f=0;for(int i=0;i<ch.size();i++){if(ch[i]!='a'){f=1;break;} }if(f==0){cout<<"NO"<<endl;}else{string ch1,ch2;ch1="a"+ch;ch2=ch+"a";if(judge(ch1)){cout<<"YES"<<endl;cout<<'a';for(int i=0;i<ch.size();i++) cout<<ch[i];cout<<endl;}else{if(judge(ch2)) {cout<<"YES"<<endl;for(int i=0;i<ch.size();i++) cout<<ch[i];cout<<'a';cout<<endl;}elsecout<<"NO"<<endl;} }}return 0;} B. Flip the Bits time limit per test 1 second memory limit per test 256 megabytes input standard input output standard output There is a binary string a of length n. In one operation, you can select any prefix of a with an equal number of 0 and 1 symbols. Then all symbols in the prefix are inverted: each 0 becomes 1 and each 1 becomes 0 For example, suppose a=0111010000 since it has four 0’s and four 1’s: [01110100]00→[10001011]00 In the second operation, we can select the prefix of length 2 since it has one 0 and one 1: [10]00101100→[01]00101100 It is illegal to select the prefix of length 4 for the third operation, because it has three 0’s and one Can you transform the string a into the string b using some finite number of operations (possibly, none)? Input The first line contains a single integer t (1≤t≤104) — the number of test cases. The first line of each test case contains a single integer n (1≤n≤3⋅105) — the length of the strings a and b The following two lines contain strings a and b of length n, consisting of symbols 0 and 1 The sum of n across all test cases does not exceed 3⋅105 Output For each test case, output “YES” if it is possible to transform ainto b, or “NO” if it is impossible. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower). Example Input Copy 5 10 0111010000 0100101100 4 0000 0000 3 001 000 12 010101010101 100110011010 6 000111 110100 Output Copy YES YES NO YES NO Note The first test case is shown in the statement. In the second test case, we transform a into b by using zero operations. In the third test case, there is no legal operation, so it is impossible to transform a into b . In the fourth test case, here is one such transformation: Select the length 2 prefix to get 100101010101 . Select the length 12 prefix to get 011010101010 . Select the length 8 prefix to get 100101011010 . Select the length 4 prefix to get 011001011010 . Select the length 6 prefix to get 100110011010 In the fifth test case, the only legal operation is to transform a into 111000. From there, the only legal operation is to return to the string we started with, so we cannot transform a into b 题意: 给你一个字符串a,b,由0,1组成,然后只有在字符串下标i前面的0,1个数相同时,你可以进行把0->1,1->0,然后看是否能进行一些操作把字符串a变成b。 思路: 这题思路有点难想,你看,它每次个数相同时,都可以进行操作,所以我们从后往前进行操作,因为如果从前往后,小区间会影响大区间的,所以从大区间向小区间进行,然后遍历字符串,将每一位的0,1的个数进行计算,然后将a,b不相同的下标进行标记为1,代表需要改变。 从后遍历,cnt进行次数,因为如果是奇数的话,才会变成不一样的数字,偶数的话,区间变化会使它变回去了,在判断当前位之前,我们先看之前的大区间的变化将当前第i位变成了什么,因为只有0,1,跟标记的0,1是代表他是否需要变化,假如说:原先为0,他后面的区间将它变化了奇数次,那么它就现在是需要变化的才能变成吧b。原先为1,它后面的区间将它变化了偶数次,就还是1。如果这个下标的标记为1,代表需要被变化,我们就判断当前位的0,1个数是否相同,相同的话就代表了一次变化cnt++,否则就退出无法变成b了,因为之后没有区间将它再次变化了。然后我们就可以判断了 代码: include<bits/stdc++.h>using namespace std;const int N=3e5+7;int s0[N],s1[N];int a[N],b[N],p[N];int main (){int t;cin>>t;while(t--){int n;cin>>n;string a,b;cin>>a>>b;memset(p,0,sizeof p);for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(a[i]=='0'){s0[i]=s0[i-1]+1;s1[i]=s1[i-1];}else{s1[i]=s1[i-1]+1;s0[i]=s0[i-1];}if(a[i]!=b[i]){p[i]=1;//是否相同的标记} }int cnt=0;int f=0;for(int i=n-1;i>=0;i--){if(cnt%2==1){//奇数次才会被变化p[i]=1-p[i];}//而且必须在前面判这一步,因为你得先看后面的区间将这一位变成了什么if(p[i]){if(s0[i]==s1[i]) cnt++;//0,1相同时才可以进行一次变化else {f=1;break;} }}if(f==1){cout<<"NO"<<endl;}else{cout<<"YES"<<endl;} }return 0;}//这个就利用了一个标记来判断当前为被影响成了什么/01 01 01 01 01 0110 01 10 01 10 10100101010101011010101010100101011010011001011010100110011010Select the length 12prefix to get.Select the length 8prefix to get.Select the length 4prefix to get.Select the length 6prefix to get01 110100 0001 001011 00/ C. Balance the Bits time limit per test 1 second memory limit per test 256 megabytes input standard input output standard output A sequence of brackets is called balanced if one can turn it into a valid math expression by adding characters ‘+’ and ‘1’. For example, sequences ‘(())()’, ‘()’, and ‘(()(()))’ are balanced, while ‘)(’, ‘(()’, and ‘(()))(’ are not. You are given a binary string s of length n. Construct two balanced bracket sequences a and b of length n such that for all 1≤i≤n if si=1, then ai=bi if si=0, then ai≠bi If it is impossible, you should report about it. Input The first line contains a single integer t (1≤t≤104) — the number of test cases. The first line of each test case contains a single integer n (2≤n≤2⋅105, nis even). The next line contains a string sof length n, consisting of characters 0 and 1.The sum of nacross all test cases does not exceed 2⋅105. Output If such two balanced bracked sequences exist, output “YES” on the first line, otherwise output “NO”. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower). If the answer is “YES”, output the balanced bracket sequences a and b satisfying the conditions on the next two lines.If there are multiple solutions, you may print any. Example Input Copy 3 6 101101 10 1001101101 4 1100 Output Copy YES ()()() ((())) YES ()()((())) (())()()() NO Note In the first test case, a= “()()()” and b="((()))". The characters are equal in positions 1, 3, 4, and 6, which are the exact same positions where si=1 .In the second test case, a= “()()((()))” and b="(())()()()". The characters are equal in positions 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, which are the exact same positions where si=1 In the third test case, there is no solution. 题意: 一个n代表01串的长度,构造两个长度为n的括号序列,给你一个01串,代表着a,b两个序列串字符不相同。然后你来判断是否有合理的a,b串。有的话输出。 思路: 这题想了很久想不明白,看了大佬的题解,迷迷糊糊差不多理解吧。这题是这样的,就是: (1)第一步得合法的字符串,所以首尾得是相同的且都为1 (2)第二步,因为01串长度为偶数,所以如果合法的话,得( 的个数= ) 的个数,然后你想呀,假如为 ()()()()吧,然后你有一个0破坏了一个括号,但如果合法的话,是不是得还有一个0再破坏一个括号,然后被破坏的这俩个进行分配才能合理,所以如果合法的话,01串得0的个数为偶数,1的个数自然而然为偶数吧。 (3)最后一步构造,既然1的个数为偶数,首尾又都为1,所以1的个数前sum1/2个1构造为‘( ’,后sum1/2个构造为‘)’,然后我们1的所有的目前是合法的,然后剩下的0也是偶数的,然后如果让他们合法进行分配就( )间接进行就可以了,然后我们根据01串将b构造出来。合法的核心就是当前位的(个数大于等于),所以我们在循环进行判断一下a,b串是否都满足,(其实我觉得这么构造出来,a必然合理呀,其实就判b就行了,我保险起见都判了)。 代码: include<bits/stdc++.h>using namespace std;const int N=3e5+7;char a[N],b[N];int main (){int t;cin>>t;while(t--){int n;cin>>n;string s;cin>>s;if(s[0]!=s[n-1]&&s[0]!='1'){cout<<"NO"<<endl;}else{int sum1=0,sum0=0;for(int i=0;i<s.size();i++){if(s[i]=='1') sum1++;else sum0++;}if(sum1%2!=0||sum0%2!=0){cout<<"NO"<<endl;}else{int cnt1=0,cnt0=1;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(s[i]=='1'&&cnt1<sum1/2){a[i]='(';cnt1++;}else if(s[i]=='1'&&cnt1>=sum1/2){a[i]=')';cnt1++;}else if(s[i]=='0'&&cnt0%2==1){a[i]='(';cnt0++;}else if(s[i]=='0'&&cnt0%2==0){a[i]=')';cnt0++;}//cout<<a[i]<<endl;}for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(s[i]=='0'){if(a[i]=='(') b[i]=')';else b[i]='(';}else{b[i]=a[i];}//cout<<b[i]<<endl;}// cout<<"YES"<<endl;int f=0;int s0=0,s1=0;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(a[i]=='(') s0++;else if(a[i]==')') s1++;if(s0<s1) {f=1;break;} }s0=0,s1=0;for(int i=0;i<n;i++){if(b[i]=='(') s0++;else if(b[i]==')') s1++;if(s0<s1) {f=1;break;} }if(f==0){cout<<"YES"<<endl;for(int i=0;i<n;i++) cout<<a[i];cout<<endl;for(int i=0;i<n;i++) cout<<b[i];cout<<endl;}else{cout<<"NO"<<endl;} }} }return 0;}/01 01 01 01 01 0110 01 10 01 10 10100101010101011010101010100101011010011001011010100110011010Select the length 12prefix to get.Select the length 8prefix to get.Select the length 4prefix to get.Select the length 6prefix to get01 110100 0001 001011 00/ 本篇文章为转载内容。原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/lvy_yu_ET/article/details/115575091。 该文由互联网用户投稿提供,文中观点代表作者本人意见,并不代表本站的立场。 作为信息平台,本站仅提供文章转载服务,并不拥有其所有权,也不对文章内容的真实性、准确性和合法性承担责任。 如发现本文存在侵权、违法、违规或事实不符的情况,请及时联系我们,我们将第一时间进行核实并删除相应内容。
2023-10-05 13:54:12
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...使工程师回馈开源的 When it comes to open source software, there’s a big and growing problem: most organizations are takers, not givers. 谈到开源软件,有一个较大且日益严重的问题:大多数组织都是索取者,而不是给予者。 There’s a classic XKCD comic that shows a giant structure representing modern digital infrastructure, dependent on a tiny component created by “some random person in Nebraska” who has been “thanklessly maintaining since 2003.” 经典漫画XKCD展示了一个代表现代数字基础设施的巨大结构,它依赖于“内布拉斯加州的某位人士”创建的微小组件,该组件“自2003年来一直都处于吃力不讨好的状态”。 Randall Monroe’s XKCD comic illustrates the open source dilemma: overreliance on a small number of volunteer project maintainers. Randall Monroe 的XKCD漫画展示了目前开源面临的窘境:过度依赖少数项目维护志愿者的志愿服务。 This would have been funny, except that this is exactly what happened when security vulnerabilities were discovered in Log4j last December. (开源项目由志愿者自发来维护,)这听起来像是一件很滑稽的事情,但事实上去年十二月在Log4j中发现的安全漏洞也确实存在着上述情况。 The Java-based logging tool is ubiquitous in enterprise publications. In the last three months, for example, Log4j has been downloaded more than 30 million times, according to a report by the enterprise software company Sonatype. 然而这个基于Java的日志记录工具已经在企业内部刊物中无处不在。例如根据软件公司Sonatype的一份报告显示,在过去的三个月里,Log4j的下载量就已经超过3000万次。 The tool has 440,000 lines of code, according to Synopsys‘ Black Duck Open Hub research tool, with nearly 24,000 contributions by nearly 200 developers. That’s a large dev team compared to other open source projects. But looking closer at the numbers, more than 70% of commits were by just five people. 根据Synopsys(新思)公司旗下的Black Duck Open Hub 研究工具显示。Log4j有着440,000行代码,由近200名开发人员贡献了将近24,000行代码。其实与其他开源项目相比,这是一个庞大的开发团队。但是如果关注数据的话,就会发现超过70%的提交是仅仅靠五个人来完成的。 Log4j’s home page lists about a dozen members on its project team. Most projects have far fewer developers working on them — and that presents a problem for the organizations that depend on them. Log4j的主页上展示了十几位项目团队的成员。而大多项目的开发人员要比其原本需要的少得多----这是高度依赖开发人员团队所呈现出来的问题。 “There is little incentive for anyone today to contribute to an existing open source project,” said Jeremy Stretch, distinguished engineer at NS1, a DNS network company. “There’s usually no direct compensation, and few accolades are offered — most users don’t even know who maintains the software that they use.” “如今的人没有什么动力去为现有的开源项目做贡献”,来自DNS网络公司NS1的杰出工程师Jeremy Strech说,“因为通常来说,这没有直接的物质回报,也很少提供荣誉----大多数用户甚至不知道他们所用的软件是谁维护的。” The most common motivation among open source contributors is to add a feature that they themselves want to see, he said. “Once this has been achieved, the contributor rarely sticks around.” 他说,开源贡献者们最常见的动机就是添加他们自己想要的功能。“一旦实现了这一点,他们几乎都不会留下来。” Meanwhile, as a project becomes more popular, the burden on the core team of maintainers keeps increasing. 与此同时,随着项目的逐渐流行,对于维护方面的核心团队来说,他们的负担也在不断增加。 “More users means more feature requests and more bug reports — but not more maintainers,” Stretch said. “What was once an enjoyable hobby can quickly become a tedious chore, and many maintainers understandably opt to simply abandon their projects altogether.” “更多的用户意味有着更多的功能需求和错误报告----但不是更多的维护人员”,Stretch说。“曾经令人愉快的爱好很快就会变成一项乏味的项目,所以很多维护人员选择干脆完全放弃他们的项目,这也是可以理解的。” Part1The Tragedy of the Commons The open source software ecosystem is a perfect example of the “tragedy of the commons.” 开源软件的生态系统,就是“公地悲剧”的一个完美例子。 And the tragedy is — when everyone uses, but no one contributes, that resource — whether it’s an overrun park or an open source project — eventually collapses from overuse and underinvestment. Everyone loves using free stuff, but everyone expects someone else to take care of it. 这个悲剧就是---当一种资源,无论是一个超限的公园还是一个开源项目,所有人都在使用而没有人贡献之时,最终都会因为过度使用和投入不足而崩溃坍塌。 This approach can save you money in the short term, but it can become a fatal flaw over time. Especially since open source software is everywhere, running everything. 这种方式可以在短期内为你节省资金,但随着时间的推移,它可能会变成项目里致命的缺陷。 Linux, for example, the open source operating system, runs on 96% of the world’s top 1 million servers, and 90% of all cloud infrastructure is on Linux. Not to mention that 85% of all smartphones in the world run Linux, in the form of the Android OS. 拿Linux来说,这个开源操作系统在全球前100万台服务器中运行率在96%以上,且这些服务器90%的云基础设施也都在Linux上。更不用说世界上85%的智能手机都运行着Linux,即Android操作系统。 Then there’s Java, Apache, WordPress, Cassandra, Hadoop, MySQL, PHP, ElasticSearch, Kubernetes — the list of ubiquitous open source projects goes on and on. 还有Java, Apache, WordPress, Cassandra, Hadoop, MySQL, PHP, ElasticSearch, Kubernetes--这些常见开源项目的列表还在逐渐增加着。 Without open source, much of today’s technical infrastructure would immediately grind to a halt. 如果没有开源,今天的大部分技术基础设施的建设也将会戛然而止。 “It is a real problem,” said Danil Mikhailov, executive director at Data.org, a nonprofit backed by the Mastercard Center for Inclusive Growth and The Rockefeller Foundation that promotes the use of data science to tackle society’s greatest challenges. “这是一个很现实的问题”,Data.org的执行董事Danil Mikhailov说,该组织是由万事达包容性发展中心和洛克菲勒基金会支持,旨在促进使用数据科学来应对当今社会所面临的巨大挑战的非营利性组织。 While nearly all organizations use open source software, only a minority contribute to those projects. Forty-two percent of participants in a survey released in September by The New Stack, Linux Foundation Research, and the TODO Group said tthey contribute at least sometimes to open source projects. 虽然几乎所有组织都在使用着开源软件,但只有少数组织为这些项目作出了贡献。The New Stack、Linux Foundation Research 和 TODO Group 在 9 月发布的一项调查中,42% 的参与者表示,他们至少有时会为开源项目做出贡献。 The same study showed that only 36% of organizations train their engineers to contribute to open source. 而同一项研究表明,只有36%的组织会培训他们的工程师为开源作出贡献。 Individual companies should support projects that they use the most and are critical to their success, Mikhailov said: “If you use, you contribute.” 个体公司应该支持贡献这些他们使用最多且对他们成功至关重要的项目,Mikhailov认为:“如果你使用开源,你就应该为他做出属于你自己的贡献。” Part2OSPO Benefits:Less Tech Debt,Better Recruiting Participating in open source communities — especially when guided by an in-house open source program office (OSPO) — can help ensure the health of projects critical to your organization’s success, improve those projects’ security, and allow your engineers to have more impact in the projects’ development road map. 参与开源社区——特别是在内部开源项目办公室(OSPO)的指导下——不仅可以保证对组织成功至关重要项目的健康发展,还可以提高项目安全性,同时可以允许工程师在项目发展规划中起到更大的影响。 Say, for example, a company uses an open source tool and modifies it a little to make it better. If that improvement isn’t contributed back to the community, then the official version of the open source project will start to diverge from what the company is using 例如,如果一家公司使用了开源工具,并对其进行了一些调整使其变得更好。但如果这项改进没有反馈到开源社区,那么开源项目的正式版本就会一开始与该公司所使用的版本有所不同。 “You start to grow technical debt because when the original source changes and you’ve got a different version. Those differences grow rapidly, compounding daily. It doesn’t take long for you to be the proud user and maintainer of a one-of-a-kind open source project variant,” said Suzanne Ambiel, director, open source marketing and strategy at VMware. “当原始代码来源发生变化且你所使用的是不同的版本时,你的技术负债将越来越多。而这些差异是以天为单位迅速增长的。”VMware 开源营销和战略总监 Suzanne Ambiel 表示,“所以你很快就会变成一个开源项目里独一无二变体的‘自豪’用户和维护人员。” “The technical debt gets bigger and bigger and it gets very expensive for a company to manage.” “如果技术负债越来越多,那么公司的管理成本则会非常昂贵”。 Support for open source activity can also be a recruiting tool. “It’s really a talent magnet,” said Ambiel. “It’s one of the things that new hires look for.” 实际上对于开源活动的支持也变成了一种招聘途径。“这真是一块吸引人才的磁铁,”Ambiel说,“这也是新员工所寻求的“。 Some engineering managers might worry that open source contributions will detract from core product development, she said. Their rationale, she added, might run along the lines of, “I only have so much talent, and so many hours, and I need them to only work on things where I can measure and see the return on investment.” 她还提到,一些工程经理可能会对贡献开源而减损核心产品的开发的精力而感到担忧。她补充到,他们的理由有可能是这样的:“我只有有限的才华与时间,且我需要这些只做我认为可以度量且看到投资回报的事情。” But that attitude, she said, is shortsighted. Supporting employees who contribute to open source communities can build skills and develop talent, she said. 但她说,这是一种鼠目寸光的态度。支持开源社区并且作出贡献的员工,可以从中培养技能与增长才华。 Loris Degionni, chief technology officer and founder at Sysdig, a cloud security vendor, echoed this notion: “Finding employees who contribute to open source is a gold mine,” said. 云安全供应商 Sysdig 的首席技术官兼创始人 Loris Degionni 也赞同这一观点:“找出为开源做出贡献的员工无疑就找到一座金矿,”他说。 These employees are more capable of delivering features a company wants to use and merge them into community-supported standards, he said. And in a war for talent, companies that embrace open source are more attractive to developers. 他认为,这些参与开源的员工更具备公司想拥有的竞争力并将一些功能融入至社区所支持的标准中。且在人才争夺战中,拥抱开源的公司也更受到开发人员的青睐。 “Lastly, open source is driven by a community of technical experts you may not be able to hire,” he said. “When employees actively contribute and collaborate with these experts, they’ll be better informed of best practices and bring them back to your organization. “最后,开源项目是由你可能无法聘请的技术专家社区推动的”,他说,“当员工积极参与并于这些专家合作时,他们将能更好地深入这些最佳实践,并将这些收获带回到你的组织之中。” “You start to grow technical debt because when the original source changes and you’ve got a different version … It doesn’t take long for you to be the proud user and maintainer of a one-of-a-kind open source project variant.” —Suzanne Ambiel, director, open source marketing and strategy, VMware “当原始数据来源发生变化且你所使用的是不同的版本时,你的技术负债将越来越多...所以你很快就会变成一个开源项目里独一无二变体的”自豪“用户和维护人员。” — Suzanne Ambiel,VMware 开源营销和战略总监 “All of this should be rewarded — developers shouldn’t have to spend their free time honing their skills, as your company will quickly see benefits from their efforts.” “但是这一切终究不会白费--开发人员不应该把业余时间用在磨练他们的技能上,因为你的公司很快就会在他们的努力中看到好处。” An OSPO, Degionni suggested, can help achieve these goals, as well as help prioritize contributions and ensure collaboration. In addition, they can help provide governance that mirrors what companies would have for internally developed applications. Degionni认为,OSPO(开源计划办公室)可以帮助公司实现这些目标,以及帮助确定贡献的优先级并确保合作的进行。除此之外,他们也可以对公司内部开发应用程序方面的治理提供相关帮助。 “Members of the open source team are also in a position to be great internal evangelists for open source technologies, and act as bridges between the organization and the broader community,” he added. “开源团队的成员也可以成为开源技术的伟大内部布道师,并充当组织与更广泛社区之间的桥梁。”他补充道。 In the September survey from The New Stack, Linux Foundation Research and the TODO Group, nearly 53% of organizations with OSPOs said they saw more innovation as a result of having an OSPO, while almost 43% said they saw increased participation in external open source projects. 在 The New Stack、Linux Foundation Research 和 TODO Group 的 9 月调查中,近 53% 的拥有 OSPO的组织表示,由于拥有了OSPO,他们看到了更多创新,而近 43% 的组织表示,他们在外部开源项目的参与度上有所增加。 Part3More OSPO Benefits:A Business Edge Contributing to open source communities doesn’t just help the communities, but the companies that contribute to them, said Tom Hickman, chief innovation officer at ThreatX, a cybersecurity firm. 网络安全公司 ThreatX 的首席创新官 Tom Hickman 表示,为开源社区做出贡献,不仅有助于社区,还有助于为社区做出贡献的公司。 “Growing the community of developers around a project helps the code base, and attracts more developers,” he said. “It can become a virtuous circle.” “围绕一个项目而发展的开发人员社区,有助于代码库的形成,并吸引更多的开发人员参与”,他说,“这可以变成一个良性循环。” Also, companies that contribute to open source projects get twice the productive value from their use of open source than companies that don’t, according to research by Harvard Business School. 此外,根据哈佛商学院的研究,为开源项目作出贡献的公司从使用开源的项目中获得的生产价值,是不参与开源项目公司的两倍。 Many of the biggest companies in the world are contributing to open source, said Chris Aniszczyk, chief technology officer at Cloud Native Computing Foundation. He pointed to the Open Source Contributor Index as a reference for exactly just how much companies are doing. Cloud Native Computing Foundation 的首席技术官 Chris Aniszczyk 说,世界上许多巨头公司都为开源作出了贡献。他还提到,开源贡献者的指数是作为公司是否有所作为的参考。 The tech giants dominate the list: Google, Microsoft, Red Hat, Intel, IBM, Amazon, Facebook, VMware, GitHub and SAP are the top 10 contributors, in that order. But there are also a lot of end users on the top 100 list, said Aniszczyk, including Uber, the BBC, Orange, Netflix, and Square. 科技巨头占据了这份榜单的主导地位:谷歌、微软、红帽、英特尔、IBM、亚马逊、Facebook、VMware、GitHub 和 SAP 依次是排名前 10 的贡献者。但Aniszczyk 表示,但也有很多终端用户公司进入前 100 名,包括 Uber、BBC、Orange、Netflix 和 Square。 “We’ve always known working in upstream projects is not just the right thing to do —it’s the best approach to open source software development and the best way to deliver open source benefits to our customers,” he said. “It’s great to see that IT leaders recognize this as well.” “我们一直知道,在上游项目中工作不仅仅是关正确与否----它是开源软件开发的最佳方法,也是向客户提供开源福利的最佳方式“他说,“很高兴看到IT领导者们也认识到了这一点。” To contribute alongside these giants, companies need to have their own open source strategies, and having an open source program office can help. 为了和这些公司一起作出贡献,公司也需要有自己的开源策略,而拥有一个开源项目办公室则可以为其提供帮助。 “OSPOs provide a critical center of competency in a company when it comes to utilizing open source software,” he said. “在使用开源软件方面,OPSO为公司提供了一个至关重要的能力中心”他说。 It’s similar to the way that companies have security operations centers, he said. 这与公司拥有安全运营中心的方式类似,他说。 “Growing the community of developers around a project helps the code base, and attracts more developers. It can become a virtuous circle.” —Tom Hickman, chief innovation officer, ThreatX “围绕一个项目而发展的开发人员社区,有助于代码库的形成,并吸引更多的开发人员参与,这可以变成一个良性循环。” ——Tom Hickman,ThreatX 首席创新官 “If you don’t make the investment in a security team, you generally don’t expect your software to be secure or be able to respond to security incidents in a timely fashion,” he said. “如果你没有对安全团队进行相应投资,你通常是不会期望你的软件是安全的,也无法及时响应安全事件。”他说。 “The same logic applies to OSPOs and is why you see many leading companies out there such as Apple, Meta, Twitter, Goldman Sachs, Bloomberg, and Google all have OSPOs. They are ahead of the curve.” “同样的逻辑也适用于 OSPO,这就是为什么你会看到许多领先的公司,例如 Apple、Meta、Twitter、Goldman Sachs、Bloomberg 和 Google 都拥有 OSPO。他们走在了趋势的前面。” Support for open source activity within your organization can become a differentiator and marketing opportunity for software vendors. 而对组织内的开源活动的支持态度亦可成为软件供应商们的差异化原因与营销的机会。 According to a Red Hat survey released in February, 82% of IT leaders are more likely to select a vendor who contributes to the open source community. 根据Red Hat2月分发布的一项调查,82%的IT领导者更倾向于选择为开源社区作出贡献的软件供应商。 Respondents said that when vendors support open source communities they are more familiar with open source processes and are more effective if customers have technical challenges. 受访者表示,当供应商支持开源社区时,就表示着他们更熟悉开源的流程并且在客户遇到技术难题时会更加有效。 But it’s not just software vendors who benefit. 但收益的不仅仅是软件供应商们。 According to September’s survey by The New Stack, Linux Foundation Research, and the TODO Group, 57% of organizations with OSPOs use them to further strategic relationships and build partnerships. 根据 The New Stack、Linux Foundation Research 和 TODO Group 9 月份的调查,57% 拥有 OSPO 的组织将使用它们来进一步发展战略关系和建立合作伙伴关系。 Mark Hinkle started an open source program office back when he worked at Citrix a decade ago. He pointed out how having an OSPO in-house benefited the company. 十年前,Mark Hinkle 在 Citrix 工作时创办了一个开源计划办公室。他指出了在内部拥有一个 OSPO将如何使公司受益。 “For us the biggest job was to educate our employees who weren’t familiar with open source to get involved and be good community members,” he said. “We also provided guidance on how to make sure our IP didn’t enter projects without proper understanding and we made sure we didn’t incorporate open source that conflicted with our enterprise software licensing.” “对于我们来说,最大的工作是让不熟悉开源的员工学会并参与其中,成为优秀的社区成员”,他说,“我们还就如何确保我们的IP不会在没有正确理解的情况下进入项目的情况提供了指导,并确保我们没有与我们企业软件许可相冲突的开源项目合作。” The OSPO also helped Citrix identify strategic opportunities for the company to participate in open source projects and trade organizations like The Linux Foundation, he said. 他说,OSPO还帮助Citrix确定了公司参与开源项目和Linux基金会等贸易组织的战略机会。 Today, he’s the CEO and co-founder of TriggerMesh, a cloud native, open source integration platform. 如今,他是云原生开源集成平台 TriggerMesh 的首席执行官兼联合创始人。 There are some significant economic benefits to participating in the open source ecosystem, he said. 他说,参与开源系统对公司来说有着重大的经济效益。 “We participate in Knative to share the development of our underlying platform but we develop value-added services as part of our business,” he said. “By sharing the R and D for the platform, it gives us more resources to develop our own differentiated technology.” “我们参与Knative是为了分享我们基础底层平台的开发,但作为业务的一部分,我们也拥有相关的增值服务。”他说,“通过共享该平台的研发,这为我们提供了更多的资源来改进我们自己的差异化技术。” Part4How to Get Started in Open Source Sixty-three percent of companies in the September survey from The New Stack, Linux Foundation Research and the TODO Group said that having an OSPO was very or extremely critical to the success of their engineering or product teams, up from 54% in the previous annual study. 在 The New Stack、Linux Foundation Research 和 TODO Group 的 9 月份调查中,有 63% 的公司表示,拥有OSPO 对其工程或产品团队的成功至关重要,高于上一年度该项研究数据的 54%。 In particular, 77% said that their open source program had a positive impact on their software practices, such as improved code quality. 其中77% 的人表示他们的开源程序对他们的软件实践产生了积极影响,例如提高了代码质量。 But companies can’t always contribute to every single open source project that they use. 但公司也不可能总是为他们使用的每一个开源项目而花费精力。 “First, thin the herd a little bit,” advised VMware’s Ambiel. “首先,节流一下”,VMware 的 Ambiel 建议道。 Companies should look at the projects that make the most sense for their use cases. This is an area where an OSPO can help set priorities and ensure technical and strategic alignment. 公司应该关注投入使用中最有意义的项目。而这也是OSPO可以帮助确定优先事项并确保技术与战略一致性的领域。 Then, developers should go and check out the projects themselves. Projects typically offer online documentation, often with contributor guides, governance documents, and lists of open issues. 之后,开发人员应该自己去了解一下。项目通常提供相关在线文档,一般包含贡献着指南、治理文档和未解决问题列表。 “For the projects that rise to the top of your strategic list, introduce yourself — say hello,” she said. “Go to the Slack channel or the distribution list and ask where they need help. Maybe they don’t need help and everything is good. Or maybe they can use a new person to review code.” “对于那些上升到你的战略清单顶端的项目,你可以介绍一下自己----打个招呼”,她说。“然后转到Slack频道或者分发列表,询问他们需要帮助的地方。也许他们不需要帮助,一切完好;又或者他们也有可能使用新人来审查核验代码。” An open source program office can not only help make a business case for contributing to the open source community, Ambiel said, but can help companies do it in a way that’s safe, secure and sound. Ambiel 说,开源项目办公室不仅可以帮助制定为开源社区做出贡献的商业案例,还可以帮助公司以安全、可靠和健全的方式来做这件事。 “If I work for a company and want to contribute to open source, I don’t want to accidentally disclose, divulge or undermine any patents,” she said. “An OSPO helps you make smart choices.” “如果我为一家公司工作,并想为开源做出贡献,我不想意外披露、泄露或破坏任何专利,”她说。“而OSPO可以帮助您做出明智的选择。” An OSPO can also help provide leadership and the guiding philosophy about supporting open source, she said. “It can provide guidance, mentorship, coaching and best practices.” 她说,OSPO还可以在开源方面提供领导力和指导理念的支持。“它可以提供引领、指导、辅导和最佳实践的作用。” Commitment to support open source has to start at the top, said Anaïs Urlichs, developer advocate at Aqua Security. Aqua Security的开发人员倡导者Anaïs Urlichs则认为,支持开源的承诺必须从高层开始。 “Too often,” she said, “companies do not value investment into open source, so employees are not encouraged to contribute to it.” 她说,“公司在多数时候往往不重视对开源的投资,所以员工自然而然不被鼓励对此作出贡献。” In those cases, employees with a passion for open source end up contributing during their free time, which is not sustainable. 在这些情况下,员工对于开源的热情也会在空闲时间里对开源的建设而消散殆尽,这对于开源的发展来说是不可持续的。 “If companies rely on open source projects, it is important to make open source contributions part of an engineer’s work schedule,” she said. “Some companies define a time percentage that employees can contribute to open source as part of their normal workday.” “如果公司对开源项目依赖度高,那么将开源贡献纳入工程师的日程安排是很重要的,”她说。“一些公司定义了员工可以为开源建设的时间百分比,将其作为他们正常工作日的一部分。” The New Stack is a wholly owned subsidiary of Insight Partners, an investor in the following companies mentioned in this article: Sysdig, Aqua Security. The New Stack 是 Insight Partners 的全资子公司,Insight Partners 是本文提到的以下公司的投资者:Sysdig、Aqua Security。 相关阅读 | Related Reading 《开源合规指南(企业篇)》正式发布,为推动我国开源合规建设提供参考 “目标->用户->指标”——企业开源运营之道|瞰道@谭中意 开源之夏邀请函——仅限高校学子开启 开源社简介 开源社成立于 2014 年,是由志愿贡献于开源事业的个人成员,依 “贡献、共识、共治” 原则所组成,始终维持厂商中立、公益、非营利的特点,是最早以 “开源治理、国际接轨、社区发展、开源项目” 为使命的开源社区联合体。开源社积极与支持开源的社区、企业以及政府相关单位紧密合作,以 “立足中国、贡献全球” 为愿景,旨在共创健康可持续发展的开源生态,推动中国开源社区成为全球开源体系的积极参与及贡献者。 2017 年,开源社转型为完全由个人成员组成,参照 ASF 等国际顶级开源基金会的治理模式运作。近八年来,链接了数万名开源人,集聚了上千名社区成员及志愿者、海内外数百位讲师,合作了近百家赞助、媒体、社区伙伴。 本篇文章为转载内容。原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/kaiyuanshe/article/details/124976824。 该文由互联网用户投稿提供,文中观点代表作者本人意见,并不代表本站的立场。 作为信息平台,本站仅提供文章转载服务,并不拥有其所有权,也不对文章内容的真实性、准确性和合法性承担责任。 如发现本文存在侵权、违法、违规或事实不符的情况,请及时联系我们,我们将第一时间进行核实并删除相应内容。
2023-05-03 09:19:23
273
转载
MyBatis
...a中的switch-case结构,根据不同的条件执行相应的SQL片段。 - :智能地添加WHERE关键字,避免无谓的空格或多余的AND。 - :动态构建UPDATE语句的SET部分。 - :遍历集合,适用于in查询或者批量插入、更新操作。 示例一:条件查询 xml SELECT FROM user AND name LIKE CONCAT('%', {name}, '%') AND age = {age} 在这个例子中,只有当传入的name或age不为null时,对应的SQL条件才会被加入到最终的查询语句中。 示例二:多条件选择 xml SELECT FROM user SELECT FROM user WHERE is_active = 1 SELECT FROM user WHERE name IS NOT NULL 在这个示例中,根据传入的type参数,会选择执行不同的查询语句。 3. 深度探索与思考 使用MyBatis的动态SQL不仅极大地简化了我们的工作,而且提升了代码的可读性和可维护性。瞧,我们能像看故事书一样,直接从那个映射文件里瞅明白SQL是怎么根据输入的参数灵活变动的,这可真是团队一起干活儿和后面维护工作的大宝贝啊! 此外,值得注意的是,虽然动态SQL强大而灵活,但过度使用可能导致SQL解析性能下降。所以,在我们追求代码的“随心所欲”时,也别忘了给性能这块儿上点心。就拿减少那些频繁变动的元素数量、提前把SQL语句好好编译一下这些招数来说,都是能让程序跑得更溜的好方法。 总结来说,MyBatis的动态SQL是我们在应对复杂查询场景时的一把利器。这些动态元素就像是我们的法宝,即使需求七十二变,我们也能轻松写出既简洁又高效的数据库访问代码。这样一来,程序就能更好地模拟现实世界的各种复杂情况,不仅读起来更容易理解,修改起来也更加方便,就像在现实生活中调整家具布局一样简单自然。让我们在实践中不断探索和挖掘MyBatis动态SQL的魅力吧!
2024-02-16 11:34:53
133
风轻云淡_
转载文章
...ation use case. We’re going to discuss what they look like, how they work and how Angular itself takes advantage of them to keep the platform flexible and extendible. Recap: What is a provider? If you’ve read our article on Dependency Injection in Angular2 you can probably skip this section, as you’re familiar with the provider terminology, how they work, and how they relate to actual dependencies being injected. If you haven’t read about providers yet, here’s a quick recap. A provider is an instruction that describes how an object for a certain token is created. Quick example: In an Angular 2 component we might have a DataService dependency, which we can ask for like this: import { DataService } from './data.service';@Component(...)class AppComponent {constructor(dataService: DataService) {// dataService instanceof DataService === true} } We import the type of the dependency we’re asking for, and annotate our dependency argument with it in our component’s constructor. Angular knows how to create and inject an object of type DataService, if we configure a provider for it. This can happen either on the application module, that bootstrap our app, or in the component itself (both ways have different implications on the dependency’s life cycle and availability). // application module@NgModule({...providers: [{ provide: DataService, useClass DataService }]})...// or in component@Component({...providers: [{ provide: DataService, useClass: DataService }]})class AppComponent { } In fact, there’s a shorthand syntax we can use if the instruction is useClass and the value of it the same as the token, which is the case in this particular provider: @NgModule({...providers: [DataService]})...// or in component@Component({...providers: [DataService]})class AppComponent { } Now, whenever we ask for a dependency of type DataService, Angular knows how to create an object for it. Understanding Multi Providers With multi providers, we can basically provide multiple dependencies for a single token. Let’s see what that looks like. The following code manually creates an injector with multi providers: const SOME_TOKEN: OpaqueToken = new OpaqueToken('SomeToken');var injector = ReflectiveInjector.resolveAndCreate([{ provide: SOME_TOKEN, useValue: 'dependency one', multi: true },{ provide: SOME_TOKEN, useValue: 'dependency two', multi: true }]);var dependencies = injector.get(SOME_TOKEN);// dependencies == ['dependency one', 'dependency two'] Note: We usually don’t create injectors manually when building Angular 2 applications since the platform takes care of that for us. This is really just for demonstration purposes. A token can be either a string or a type. We use a string, because we don’t want to create classes to represent a string value in DI. However, to provide better error messages in case something goes wrong, we can create our string token using OpaqueToken. We don’t have to worry about this too much now. The interesting part is where we’re registering our providers using the multi: true option. Using multi: true tells Angular that the provider is a multi provider. As mentioned earlier, with multi providers, we can provide multiple values for a single token in DI. That’s exactly what we’re doing. We have two providers, both have the same token but they provide different values. If we ask for a dependency for that token, what we get is a list of all registered and provided values. Okay understood, but why? Alright, fine. We can provide multiple values for a single token. But why in hell would we do this? Where is this useful? Good question! Usually, when we register multiple providers with the same token, the last one wins. For example, if we take a look at the following code, only TurboEngine gets injected because it’s provider has been registered at last: class Engine { }class TurboEngine { }var injector = ReflectiveInjector.resolveAndCreate([{ provide: Engine, useClass: Engine},{ provide: Engine, useClass: TurboEngine}]);var engine = injector.get(Engine);// engine instanceof TurboEngine This means, with multi providers we can basically extend the thing that is being injected for a particular token. Angular uses this mechanism to provide pluggable hooks. One of these hooks for example are validators. When creating a validator, we need to add it to the NG_VALIDATORS multi provider, so Angular picks it up when needed @Directive({selector: '[customValidator][ngModel]',providers: [provide: NG_VALIDATORS,useValue: (formControl) => {// validation happens here},multi: true]})class CustomValidator {} Multi providers also can’t be mixed with normal providers. This makes sense since we either extend or override a provider for a token. Other Multi Providers The Angular platform comes with a couple more multi providers that we can extend with our custom code. At the time of writing these were NG_VALIDATORS - Interface that can be implemented by classes that can act as validators NG_ASYNC_VALIDATORS - Token that can be implemented by classes that can act as async validators Conclusion Multi providers are a very nice feature to implement pluggable interface that can be extended from the outside world. The only “downside” I can see is that multi providers only as powerful as what the platform provides. NG_VALIDATORS and NG_ASYNC_VALIDATORS are implemented right into the platform, which is the only reason we can take advantage of those particular multi providers. There’s no way we can introduce our own custom multi providers (with a specific token) that influences what the platform does, but maybe this is also not needed. 原文链接:http://blog.thoughtram.io/angular2/2015/11/23/multi-providers-in-angular-2.html 本篇文章为转载内容。原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/u011153667/article/details/52483856。 该文由互联网用户投稿提供,文中观点代表作者本人意见,并不代表本站的立场。 作为信息平台,本站仅提供文章转载服务,并不拥有其所有权,也不对文章内容的真实性、准确性和合法性承担责任。 如发现本文存在侵权、违法、违规或事实不符的情况,请及时联系我们,我们将第一时间进行核实并删除相应内容。
2023-03-31 11:22:56
526
转载
ReactJS
...TML的kebab-case命名混淆。 - 无障碍性:对于非视觉相关的特性,尽量使用现有的ARIA属性,以提高页面的无障碍性。若必须使用自定义属性,请确保它们能正确地反映在无障碍API中。 - 性能优化:大量使用非标准属性可能会增加组件的大小,特别是当它们包含复杂的数据结构时。应合理设计属性结构,避免无谓的数据冗余。 5. 结语 ReactJS通过支持非标准属性,为我们提供了一种强大而灵活的方式来扩展组件的功能和交互。这不仅让我们可以更贴近实际业务需求去定制组件,也体现了React框架“一切皆组件”的设计理念。不过呢,咱们在畅享这种自由度的同时,也得时刻绷紧一根弦,牢记住三个大原则——性能、可维护性和无障碍性,像这样灵活运用非标准属性才算是物尽其用。下次当你在代码中看到那些独特的属性时,不妨多思考一下它们背后的设计意图和实现策略,或许你会发现更多React编程的乐趣所在!
2023-08-26 18:15:57
137
幽谷听泉
ZooKeeper
...Type()) { case NodeDeleted: System.out.println("ZNode deleted: " + event.getPath()); break; case NodeCreated: System.out.println("New ZNode created: " + event.getPath()); break; // ... other cases for updated or child events } }; }; zk.getData("/my/znode", false, watcher); 三、ZooKeeper设计原则的实际应用与影响 综上所述,顺序一致性提供了数据操作的可靠性,最终一致性则兼顾了系统的容错性和可扩展性,而可观测性则是ZooKeeper支持分布式协调的关键特征。这三大原则,不仅在很大程度上决定了ZooKeeper自身的行为习惯和整体架构,还实实在在地重塑了我们开发分布式应用的方式。比如说,在搭建分布式锁、配置中心或者进行分布式服务注册与发现这些常见应用场景时,开发者能够直接借用ZooKeeper提供的API和设计思路,轻而易举地打造出高效又稳定的解决方案,就像是在玩乐高积木一样,把不同的模块拼接起来,构建出强大的系统。 结论 随着云计算时代的到来,大规模分布式系统对于一致性和可靠性的需求愈发凸显,ZooKeeper正是在这个背景下诞生并不断演进的一颗璀璨明星。真正摸透并灵活运用ZooKeeper的设计精髓,那咱们就仿佛掌握了在分布式世界里驰骋的秘诀,能够随心所欲地打造出既稳如磐石又性能超群的分布式应用。
2024-02-15 10:59:33
31
人生如戏-t
转载文章
...以使用:IF 语句 CASE语句 LOOP语句 LEAVE语句 ITERATE 语句 REPEAT语句与WHILE语句. 这个过程的意思是,查询t_user表中是否存在id等于我们入参时所写的id,若有的情况下查出有几笔这样的数据并且把数值给到全局变量@num中,if判断是否这样的数据是否存在,若是存在执行THEN后面的语句,即使更新该id对应的username,若没有则插入一条新的数据,最后注意END IF. 相当于java中的switch case.例如: 这里想当然于,while(ture){ break; } 这里的意思是,参数一个int类型的参数,loop aaa循环,把参数当做主键id插入到t_user表中,每循环一次参入的参数值减一,直到参数值为0,跳出循环(if判断,leave实现.) 相当于java的continue. 比上面的多了一个当totalNum = 3时,结束本次循环,下面的语句不在执行,直接执行下一次循环,也即是说插入的数据没有主键为3的数据. 和上面的差不多,只不过当执行到UNTIL时满足条件时,就跳出循环.就如上面那一个意思就是当执行到totalNum = 1时,跳出循环,也就是说不会插入主键为0的那一笔数据 当while条件判断为true时,执行do后面的语句,否则就不再执行. (6)调用存储过程和函数 CALL 存储过程名字(参数值1,参数值2,…) 存储函数名称(参数值1,参数值2,…) (7)查看存储过程和函数. Show procedure status like ‘存储过程名’ --只能查看状态 Show create procedure ‘存储过程名’ – 查看定义(使用频率高). 存储函数查看也和上面的一样. 当然还可以从information_schema.Routines中(系统数据库表)查看存储过程与函数. (8)修改存储过程与函数: 修改存储过程comment属性的值 ALTER procedure 存储过程名 comment ‘新值’; (9)删除存储过程与函数: DROP PROCEDURE 存储过程名; DROP function 存储函数名; 29.数据备份与还原: (1)数据备份:数据备份可以保证数据库表的安全性,数据库管理员需要定期的进行数据库备份. 命令:使用mysqldump(下图),或者使用图形工具 Mysqldump在msql文件夹+bin+mysqldump.exe中,相当于一个小软件.执行的话是在dos命令窗操作的. 其实就是导出数据库数据,在navacat中可以如下图导出 (2)数据还原: 若是从navacat中就是把外部的.sql文件数据导入到数据库中去.如下图 本篇文章为转载内容。原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42847571/article/details/102686087。 该文由互联网用户投稿提供,文中观点代表作者本人意见,并不代表本站的立场。 作为信息平台,本站仅提供文章转载服务,并不拥有其所有权,也不对文章内容的真实性、准确性和合法性承担责任。 如发现本文存在侵权、违法、违规或事实不符的情况,请及时联系我们,我们将第一时间进行核实并删除相应内容。
2023-04-26 19:09:16
83
转载
Python
...world Use Cases》(掌握Python中的正则表达式:高级技巧与实际应用场景)引起了广泛关注。该文不仅深入剖析了Python正则表达式的复杂模式匹配、条件语句和环视等高级特性,还结合当下大数据处理、网络爬虫及数据分析等领域的需求,提供了丰富的实战案例。 例如,文中详述了如何利用正则表达式高效解析JSON和XML数据结构,这对于提升数据分析效率至关重要。此外,作者还分享了在抓取网页内容时,如何精准提取特定标签内的信息,展示了正则表达式在Web scraping任务中的关键作用。同时,文章讨论了正则表达式在文本清洗过程中过滤特殊字符、标准化日期格式以及识别电子邮件、URL等常见字符串模式的实践方法。 对于希望更深入理解并有效应用Python正则表达式的开发者来说,这篇深度解读与实战指导相结合的文章无疑是极具时效性和针对性的延伸阅读材料,它将帮助读者应对更为复杂的文本处理挑战,提高开发效率,并助力实现项目目标。
2023-01-25 14:35:48
282
键盘勇士
转载文章
...etch()) { case UP:y--;break; case DOWN:y++;break; case LEFT:x--;break; case RIGHT:x++;break; } system( "cls" ); if ( x < 0 ) x = 0; if ( x > 77 ) x = 77; if ( y < 0 ) y = 0; if ( y > 22 ) y = 22; men( x, y ); men2[0] = x; men2[1] = y; } } int Game() { women( 10, 10 ); men( 0, 0 ); int t = 0; thread qq( womenmove ); menmove(); qq.join(); return 0; } int main() { system( "mode con cols=80 lines=25" ); printf ( "游戏开始后,随机按下一个键,唤醒你的蓝色小人.如果你被红色的老女人碰到了,那么你就死了\n" ); printf ( "方向键操控小人\n" ); system ( "pause" ); system ( "cls" ); Game(); return 0; } 留赞再走 本篇文章为转载内容。原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/LDXX31/article/details/130271069。 该文由互联网用户投稿提供,文中观点代表作者本人意见,并不代表本站的立场。 作为信息平台,本站仅提供文章转载服务,并不拥有其所有权,也不对文章内容的真实性、准确性和合法性承担责任。 如发现本文存在侵权、违法、违规或事实不符的情况,请及时联系我们,我们将第一时间进行核实并删除相应内容。
2023-07-20 23:02:16
133
转载
Scala
...s match { case Some(x) => println(x) case None => println("None") } test(Some(5)) // 输出: 5 test(None) // 输出: None 在这个例子中,我们的函数 test 接受一个 Any 值作为参数,并尝试将其转换为 Some[_] 或 None 对象。如果可以成功转换,则打印出对应的值。 总的来说,Existential Types 是 Scala 中非常强大和有用的特性。通过使用它们,我们可以更好地处理不确定性,并编写更灵活和高效的代码。
2023-01-22 23:32:50
96
青山绿水-t
MySQL
...例如,我们可以使用UCASE函数将所有字符串转换为大写,然后再进行排序: sql SELECT ID, NAME, AGE FROM USER ORDER BY UCASE(NAME) ASC, AGE ASC; 这样,我们就可以保证所有的姓名都是按照字母表顺序进行排序的了。 五、NULL值排序 在实际应用中,我们还常常需要对包含NULL值的数据进行排序。这时候,千万要注意了哈,MySQL这家伙有个默认习惯,就是会把NULL值当作小尾巴,统统放在非NULL值的后面。如果你想让NULL值率先出场,那你就得在ORDER BY这个排序句子里头加个特殊的小条件。例如,我们可以使用IS NULL函数来判断是否为空,然后将其放在列名的前面: sql SELECT ID, NAME, AGE FROM USER ORDER BY AGE ASC, (CASE WHEN NAME IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) ASC; 这样,我们就可以保证NULL值总是被排在最前面了。 六、总结 总的来说,MySQL提供了丰富的排序功能,可以帮助我们快速有效地对大量数据进行排序。在实际操作中,咱们得瞅准具体需求,灵活选择最合适的排序方法。同时呢,千万记得要避开那些时常冒泡的常见错误陷阱。只要掌握了这些基础知识,我们就能够在MySQL的世界里游刃有余了。
2023-05-16 20:21:51
58
岁月静好_t
Scala
...了一种强大的工具——case 类,以提升代码的可读性和简洁性。 Case Class , 在 Scala 语言中,case class 是一种特殊的类定义方式,具有预设的模式匹配行为和方便的构造器功能。它主要用于表示具有固定结构的数据,并且自动生成诸如 equals、hashCode 和 toString 等方法,从而简化开发过程,提高代码质量。在文章中,通过创建 Person case class 来直观地表示人名及其年龄信息,并展示了如何利用其特性进行简洁的模式匹配和属性访问。 模式匹配 , 模式匹配是 Scala 中的一种强大特性,允许开发者针对不同数据类型或数据结构(如case class)的不同形式指定不同的处理逻辑。在本文的上下文中,使用 case class 的一个主要优势在于可以直接对其进行模式匹配操作,无需额外编写复杂的条件判断代码,这有助于提升代码的可读性和表达力。例如,可以轻松根据 Person case class 的字段值来执行不同的业务逻辑。
2023-01-16 14:23:59
180
风轻云淡-t
Scala
...nt: Int } case object Sunny extends Status { override def toInt = 0 } case object Cloudy extends Status { override def toInt = 1 } case object Rainy extends Status { override def toInt = 2 } case object Windy extends Status { override def toInt = 3 } } 在这个例子中,我们使用了sealed trait来创建一个密封的枚举类型。这个枚举类型包含了四个子类型,分别对应晴天、多云、阴天和雨天。每个子类型都包含了一个toInt方法,用于将子类型转换为整数值。 由于Weather枚举类型是可变的,因此我们可以随时修改它的值。例如,如果我们想要修改晴天的状态,只需要这样做: scala object Weather { sealed trait Status { def toInt: Int } case object Sunny extends Status { override def toInt = 0 } with S变动... 在这个例子中,我们在Sunny子类型后面添加了with关键字,并指定了一个新的父类型。这个新的老爸角色,可能是个全新的小弟类型,也有可能是另一种变幻莫测的枚举成员。 3. 不可变枚举类型 与可变枚举类型不同,不可变枚举类型一旦创建就无法再修改。这意味着我们不能改变不可变枚举类型的值。在Scala中,我们可以使用case class来创建不可变枚举类型。例如,假设我们需要定义一个表示颜色的枚举类型。这个枚统类型应该包含三种不同的状态:红色、绿色和蓝色。为了实现这个枚举类型,我们可以使用以下代码: scala object Color { sealed abstract class Color private (name: String) { val name: String = this.name } object Red extends Color("red") object Green extends Color("green") object Blue extends Color("blue") } 在这个例子中,我们使用了sealed abstract class来创建一个密封的抽象枚举类型。这个枚举类型包含了三个子类型,分别对应红色、绿色和蓝色。每个子类型都包含了一个name属性,用于存储颜色的名称。 由于Color枚举类型是不可变的,因此我们不能改变它的值。例如,如果我们尝试修改红色的颜色,将会抛出一个错误: scala object Color { sealed abstract class Color private (name: String) { val name: String = this.name } object Red extends Color("red") { override val name = "yellow" } } 在这个例子中,我们在Red子类型后面添加了一段代码,试图修改其name属性的值。然而,这将会抛出一个错误,因为我们正在尝试修改一个不可变的对象。 4. 总结 总的来说,Scala提供了两种方式来实现枚举类型:可变枚举类型和不可变枚举类型。对于可变的枚举类型,就像是你手里的橡皮泥,你可以随时根据需要改变它的形状;而不可变的枚举类型呢,就好比是已经雕塑完成的艺术品,一旦诞生,就不能再对它做任何改动了。所以呢,当我们决定要用哪种枚举类型的时候,就得根据自己的实际需求来挑,就像逛超市选商品一样,得看自己需要啥才决定买啥。要是我们常常需要对枚举类型的数值进行改动,那倒是可以考虑选择使用那种可以变来变去的枚举类型,这样会更灵活些。要不这样讲,如果我们不是那种动不动就要修改枚举类型里边值的情况,大可以安心选择用不可变的枚举类型,这样一来就妥妥的了。
2023-05-13 16:18:49
74
青春印记-t
Groovy
...onType) { case 'add': return { a, b -> a + b } case 'subtract': return { a, b -> a - b } default: return { a, b -> a b } // 默认为乘法操作 } } def add = getOperation('add') def subtract = getOperation('subtract') def multiply = getOperation('multiply') // 注意这里会触发默认情况 println(add(5, 3)) // 输出: 8 println(subtract(5, 3)) // 输出: 2 println(multiply(5, 3)) // 输出: 15 在这个例子中,我们定义了一个getOperation函数,它根据传入的操作类型返回不同的闭包。这样,我们就可以动态地选择执行哪种操作,而无需通过if-else语句来判断了。这种方法不仅使代码更简洁,也更容易扩展。 4. 小结与思考 通过以上几个例子,相信你已经对如何在Groovy中使用闭包作为返回值有了一个基本的理解。闭包作为一种强大的工具,不仅可以帮助我们封装逻辑,还能让我们以一种更灵活的方式组织代码。嘿,话说回来,闭包这玩意儿确实挺强大的,但你要是用得太多,就会搞得代码一团乱,别人看着也头疼,自己以后再看可能也会懵圈。所以啊,在用闭包的时候,咱们得好好想想,确保它们真的能让代码变好,而不是捣乱。 希望今天的分享对你有所帮助!如果你有任何疑问或者想了解更多关于Groovy的知识,请随时留言交流。让我们一起探索更多编程的乐趣吧! --- 这篇文章旨在通过具体的例子和口语化的表达方式,帮助读者更好地理解和应用Groovy中的闭包作为返回值的概念。希望这样的内容能让学习过程更加生动有趣!
2024-12-16 15:43:22
148
人生如戏
PostgreSQL
... 3.3 使用 CASE WHEN 如果我们想在某些情况下返回不同的结果,可以考虑使用 CASE WHEN 语句。例如,如果某个员工的部门不存在,我们可以显示特定的提示信息: sql SELECT e.name AS employee_name, CASE WHEN d.id IS NULL THEN 'No Department' ELSE d.name END AS department_name FROM employees e LEFT JOIN departments d ON e.department_id = d.id; 这样,当 d.id 为 NULL 时,我们就可以知道该员工没有对应的部门信息,并显示相应的提示。 4. 总结与反思 通过上述几种方法,我们可以看到,合并SQL语句其实有很多方式。每种方式都有其适用场景和优缺点。在实际应用中,我们应该根据具体需求选择最合适的方法。这些招数不光让代码更好懂、跑得更快,还把我们的SQL技能磨得更锋利了呢! 在学习过程中,我发现,SQL不仅仅是机械地编写代码,更是一种逻辑思维的体现。每一次优化和改进都是一次对问题本质的深刻理解。希望这篇文章能帮助你更好地理解和掌握SQL语句的合并技巧,让你在数据库操作中更加游刃有余。
2025-03-06 16:20:34
54
林中小径_
Scala
...me.toLowerCase } object Color extends Enum[Color] with PlayJsonEnum[Color] { case object Red extends Color case object Green extends Color case object Blue extends Color } 在这里,我们首先导入了Enums模块和PlayJsonEnum模块,这两个模块分别提供了定义枚举类型和支持JSON序列化的功能。然后,我们定义了一个名为Color的密封抽象类,这个类继承自EnumEntry,并实现了entryName方法。然后,我们在这Color对象里头捣鼓了三个小家伙,这三个小家伙都是从Color类那里“借来”的枚举值,换句话说,它们都继承了Color类的特性。最后,我们给Enum施展了个小魔法,让它的apply方法能够大显身手,这样一来,这个对象就能摇身一变,充当构造器来使啦。 五、使用枚举类型 现在,我们已经成功地创建了一个名为Color的枚举类型。我们可以通过以下方式来使用它: scala val color = Color.Red println(color) // 输出 "Red" val json = Json.toJson(Color.Green) println(json) // 输出 "{\"color\":\"green\"}" 在这里,我们首先创建了一个名为color的变量,并赋值为Color.Red。然后,我们打印出这个变量的值,可以看到它输出了"Red"。接着,我们将Color.Green转换成JSON,并打印出这个JSON字符串,可以看到它输出了"{\"color\":\"green\"}"。 六、总结 通过本文的介绍,你已经学会了如何在Scala中使用Enumeratum库来创建枚举类型。你知道吗,使用枚举类型就像是给代码世界创建了一套专属的标签或者目录。它能够让我们把相关的选项分门别类地管理起来,这样一来,不仅能让我们的代码看起来更加井然有序、一目了然,还大大提升了代码的可读性和维护性,就像整理房间一样,东西放得整整齐齐,想找啥一眼就能看到,多方便呐!另外,使用Enumeratum这个库可是好处多多啊,它能让我们有效避开一些常见的坑,还自带了一些超级实用的小工具,让我们的开发工作就像开了挂一样高效。
2023-02-21 12:25:08
204
山涧溪流-t
Scala
...。 4. 使用case类进行模式匹配 在Scala中,case类是一个非常强大的工具,可以用来创建不可变的数据结构,并且支持模式匹配。利用case类,你可以写出更加清晰和安全的代码。 示例代码 scala sealed trait Result case class Success(value: Int) extends Result case class Failure(message: String) extends Result def processResult(result: Result): Unit = result match { case Success(value) => println(s"Success with value $value") case Failure(message) => println(s"Failure: $message") } processResult(Success(10)) // 输出:Success with value 10 processResult(Failure("Something went wrong")) // 输出:Failure: Something went wrong 在这个例子中,我们定义了一个密封特质Result及其两个子类Success和Failure。通过模式匹配,我们可以安全地处理不同类型的Result对象,而不用担心类型错误。 5. 重视类型别名 有时候,为了提高代码的可读性和可维护性,我们可能会给某些复杂的类型起一个新的名字。这就是类型别名的作用。通过类型别名,我们可以让代码更加简洁明了。 示例代码 scala type UserMap = Map[String, User] def getUserById(id: String)(users: UserMap): Option[User] = users.get(id) val users: UserMap = Map( "1" -> User("Alice"), "2" -> User("Bob") ) getUserById("1")(users) // 返回 Some(User("Alice")) 在这个例子中,我们为Map[String, User]定义了一个类型别名UserMap。这样一来,当我们声明变量或函数参数时,就可以用一个更易读的名字,而不用每次都打那串复杂的 Map[String, User] 了。 6. 结语 好了,今天的分享就到这里啦!希望这些关于Scala类型安全的技巧能对你有所帮助。记住,良好的编码习惯和对类型系统的深入理解,可以帮助我们写出更加健壮和可靠的代码。最后,编程之路漫漫,让我们一起继续探索吧! --- 以上就是关于Scala中的类型安全的代码审查技巧的全部内容了。如果你有任何疑问或者想了解更多细节,欢迎随时留言交流。希望这篇分享对你有所帮助,也期待你在实际开发中能运用这些技巧写出更好的代码!
2025-01-05 16:17:00
82
追梦人
Scala
...如何使用Scala的case类简化代码结构? 在编程世界中,简洁和清晰的代码是每位开发者追求的目标。Scala这门语言可厉害了,它把面向对象和函数式编程两种风格的优点巧妙地融为一体。你知道吗?在Scala的世界里,有个叫做“case类”的小家伙,那可是实现这种融合目标的超级法宝之一!本文将通过实际例子和深入探讨,向你展示如何巧妙运用Scala的case类来简化你的代码结构。 1. 理解Scala中的Case Classes 首先,让我们揭开Scala case类的神秘面纱。在Scala中,case类是一种特殊的类,它主要用于模式匹配以及作为枚举类型的替代品。相比普通类,case类有以下特点: - 自动生成equals、hashCode和toString方法 - 提供伴生对象,包含一个apply方法(可以进行工厂方法式创建实例) - 所有字段默认为val(不可变) scala // 普通类定义 class Person(val name: String, val age: Int) // Case类定义 case class Person(name: String, age: Int) 上述代码中,我们定义了一个Person类,当我们将其改为case类后,无需手动覆盖equals、hashCode等方法,并且可以直接通过Person("Alice", 30)的方式快速创建实例。 2. 使用Case Classes进行模式匹配 Scala中的case类在模式匹配中大放异彩。看下面这个示例: scala sealed trait Message case class TextMessage(text: String) extends Message case class ImageMessage(url: String) extends Message def handleMessage(msg: Message): Unit = msg match { case TextMessage(text) => println(s"Received text message: $text") case ImageMessage(url) => println(s"Received image message from url: $url") } handleMessage(TextMessage("Hello!")) 在上述代码中,我们定义了一个sealed trait Message及两个继承自它的case类TextMessage和ImageMessage。在处理各种消息的时候,我们可以像玩拼图那样,通过模式匹配的方式对不同类型的Message进行针对性的处理。这样做,就像给代码施了个神奇的小魔法,让它变得更易读、更好理解,同时也让维护起来更加轻松愉快,省时省力。 3. Case Classes在集合操作中的应用 由于case类提供了便利的equals和hashCode方法,因此它们在集合操作中也非常有用。例如,在groupingBy操作中,case类可以自然地作为键值: scala case class User(id: Int, name: String) val users = List(User(1, "Alice"), User(2, "Bob"), User(1, "Charlie")) val userGroupsById = users.groupBy(_.id) println(userGroupsById) // Map(1 -> List(User(1,Alice), User(1,Charlie)), 2 -> List(User(2,Bob))) 这段代码中,我们利用case类User的id属性对用户列表进行了分组,由于case类提供的便捷方法,我们无需额外编写比较逻辑。 4. 结论 让代码更加简练与优雅 总的来说,Scala的case类为我们提供了一种既能保证数据封装又能简化代码结构的有效方式。在模式匹配、替代枚举、操作集合这些方面,它们可是大显身手,让我们的代码变得更加言简意赅,读起来更轻松易懂,维护起来也更加省心省力。当你在敲代码,特别是遇到要处理特定的数据结构或者参与模式匹配这种棘手问题时,不妨试试看用case类这个小技巧。信我,一旦你用了它,那你的代码就像被施了魔法一样,瞬间从乱麻变成简洁又优美的艺术品,感觉就像是精心打磨过的杰作一样。这就是Scala的魅力所在,也是我们不断探索和实践的动力源泉。
2024-01-24 08:54:25
69
柳暗花明又一村
转载文章
...用x了,竟然能对6个case,可怕!改了后果断ac,经典prim算法,我就不说了,自己看书去。 View Code 1 include<stdio.h> 2 include<string.h> 3 include<math.h> 4 include<stdlib.h> 5 define max(a,b) a>b?a:b 6 define min(a,b) a>b?b:a 7 define INF 0x3f3f3f3f 8 define Maxin 10000 9 int fang[4][2]={ {-1,0},{1,0},{0,-1},{0,1} };10 int map[105][105],n;11 int in[105],inn=0,notin[105];//in是已经被用过的点,notin是还没用的点12 int get()13 {14 int x,ans=INF;15 int ay;16 for(x=0;x<inn;x++)//在已经用的点里找一个距离最小的边来用17 {18 int y;19 for(y=0;y<n;y++)20 if(notin[y]!=-1&&map[in[x]][y]<ans&&in[x]!=y)//notin!=-1表示还没被用21 {22 ans=map[in[x]][y];23 ay=y;24 }25 }26 in[inn++]=ay;27 notin[ay]=-1;28 return ans;29 }30 31 int main()32 {33 int x,y,ans=0;34 scanf("%d",&n);35 for(x=0;x<n;x++)36 {37 for(y=0;y<n;y++)38 scanf("%d",&map[x][y]);39 notin[x]=x;40 }41 in[inn++]=0;42 notin[0]=-1;43 while(inn!=n)44 ans+=get();45 printf("%d\n",ans);46 return 0;47 } 转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/usp10/archive/2012/05/26/2519690.html 本篇文章为转载内容。原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_30239339/article/details/96526588。 该文由互联网用户投稿提供,文中观点代表作者本人意见,并不代表本站的立场。 作为信息平台,本站仅提供文章转载服务,并不拥有其所有权,也不对文章内容的真实性、准确性和合法性承担责任。 如发现本文存在侵权、违法、违规或事实不符的情况,请及时联系我们,我们将第一时间进行核实并删除相应内容。
2023-04-05 21:13:32
79
转载
Spark
...y match { case _: Int => (key.toInt % numPartitions) // 假设key是个整数,取余操作确保均匀分布 case _ => throw new IllegalArgumentException(s"Key must be an integer for CustomPartitioner") } } override def isGlobalPartition(index: Int): Boolean = false } val customData = Array((1, "value1"), (2, "value2"), (3, "value3"), (4, "value4")) val customRdd = spark.sparkContext.parallelize(customData).partitionBy(3, new CustomPartitioner) 四、应用与优化 自定义Partitioner的应用场景非常广泛。比如,当我们做关联查询这事儿的时候,就像两个大表格要相互配对找信息一样,如果找到这两表格在某一列上有紧密的联系,那咱们就可以利用这个“共同点”来定制分区方案。这样一来,关联查询就像分成了很多小任务,在特定的机器上并行处理,大大加快了配对的速度,提升整体性能。 此外,还可以根据业务需求动态调整分区数量。当数据量蹭蹭往上涨的时候,咱们可以灵活调整Partitioner这个家伙的numPartitions属性,让它帮忙重新分配一下数据,确保所有任务都能“雨露均沾”,避免出现谁干得多、谁干得少的情况,保持大家的工作量均衡。 五、结论 总之,理解和掌握Spark中的Partitioner设计模式是高效利用Spark的重要环节。自定义Partitioner这个功能,那可是超级灵活的家伙,它让我们能够根据实际场景的需要,亲手安排数据分布,确保每个数据都落脚到最合适的位置。这样一来,不仅能让处理速度嗖嗖提升,还能让任务表现得更加出色,就像给机器装上了智能导航,让数据处理的旅程更加高效顺畅。希望通过这篇接地气的文章,您能像老司机一样熟练掌握Spark的Partitioner功能,从而更上一层楼,把Spark在大数据处理领域的威力发挥得淋漓尽致。
2024-02-26 11:01:20
71
春暖花开-t
Scala
... scala case class Person(name: String, age: Int) case class Employee(id: Int, name: String, salary: Double) object Conversion { implicit def personToEmployee(p: Person): Employee = Employee(p.age, p.name, 0) } 在这个例子中,我们定义了一个名为Conversion的对象,它包含了一个名为personToEmployee的隐式方法。这个方法的作用是将一个Person对象转换为一个Employee对象。由于我们在这儿用了“implicit”这个关键字,这意味着编译器会在幕后悄无声息地自动帮咱们调用这个方法,就像是有个小助手在你还没察觉的时候就把事情给办妥了。 五、隐式转换的实际应用 隐式转换在很多场景下都有实际的应用。例如,我们在处理数据库查询结果时,通常会得到一系列的元组。如果我们想进一步操作这些元组,就需要先将其转换为对象。这时,隐式转换就派上用场了。 scala val people = Seq(("Alice", 25), ("Bob", 30), ("Charlie", 35)) people.map { case (name, age) => Person(name, age) } 在这个例子中,我们首先定义了一个包含三个元组的序列。然后,我们使用map函数将这些元组转换为Person对象。因为Person这个对象在创建的时候,它的构造函数需要我们提供两个参数,所以呢,我们就得用上case语句这把“解包神器”,来把元组里的信息给巧妙地提取出来。这个过程中,我们就用到了隐式转换。 六、总结 通过本文,我们了解了什么是隐式转换,以及为什么要使用隐式转换。我们也实实在在地学了几个接地气的例子,这下子可是真真切切地感受到了隐式转换在编程世界里的大显身手和关键作用。在未来的学习和工作中,咱们真该好好地跟“隐式转换”这位大拿交朋友,把它摸得门儿清,用得溜溜的。 总的来说,使用隐式转换可以极大地提高API的易用性,使我们的编程工作更加轻松愉快。作为一名码农,咱可不能停下脚步,得时刻保持对新鲜技术和工具的好奇心,不断磨练自己的编程技艺,让技术水平蹭蹭往上涨。因为编程不仅仅是一门技术,更是一种艺术。
2023-12-20 23:23:54
69
凌波微步-t
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